Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting about 10% of women of reproductive age, according to Brazilian Endometriosis Society (SBE). This disease is characterized by the growth of endometrioma-like tissue outside the uterus, causing pain, infertility, and other debilitating symptoms. In this context, diet and the nutritional approach play an important role in minimizing symptoms and preventing disease progression.

How does nutrition impact endometriosis?

The relationship between diet and endometriosis is based on inflammatory and immunological processes. Studies show that a balanced diet can reduce systemic inflammation, improve immune response, and minimize oxidative stress, factors that contribute to the worsening of the disease.

Key nutrients and beneficial foods:

• Omega-3 fatty acids: Found in fish such as salmon and sardines, they have anti-inflammatory properties;

• Fibers: Present in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, they aid in hormonal regulation by reducing circulating estrogen levels;

• Antioxidants: Foods rich in vitamins C and E, such as citrus fruits and seeds, combat oxidative stress.

Foods to avoid:

• Trans fats: Associated with increased inflammation;

• Refined sugars: They contribute to glycemic peaks and chronic inflammation;

• Dairy products: For some women, they may exacerbate symptoms due to the presence of hormones or intolerance.

Nutritional approach for patients with endometriosis

For the nutritionist, treating a patient with endometriosis requires a personalized approach. Each case is unique, and management should consider the patient's symptoms, medical history, laboratory tests, and lifestyle.

1. Full initial assessment:

The first step is to identify the main dietary triggers. This includes:

• Detailed food history;

• Gastrointestinal symptoms, such as bloating and constipation;

• Tests that assess the inflammatory state and the hormonal profile.

2. Personalized dietary planning:

The eating plan should focus on:

• Inflammation control: Prioritize anti-inflammatory foods;

• Hormonal balance: Incorporate foods rich in fiber and phytoestrogens, such as flaxseed;

• Gut health: Introduce prebiotics and probiotics to improve the microbiota.

3. Use of supplements:

In some cases, supplementation may be necessary to optimize results:

• Vitamin D: Adequate levels are associated with reduced inflammation;

• Omega-3: Therapeutic dose for pain control;

• Magnesium: It relieves cramps and improves well-being.

Role of the intestinal microbiota in endometriosis

Gut health is closely linked to endometriosis. An imbalance in the microbiota can intensify inflammation and alter hormone metabolism. Nutritionists should prioritize the introduction of fermented foods and fiber, in addition to evaluating the need for specific probiotics.

Nutritional education: The differential in care

Patient adherence is a critical factor for successful treatment. In addition to developing a dietary plan, it is essential to educate the patient about:

• The influence of diet on endometriosis;

• The importance of avoiding industrialized foods;

• How to prepare healthy meals in a practical way.

Conclusion

Food is a powerful tool in managing endometriosis. A well-founded and personalized nutritional approach can alleviate symptoms, prevent disease progression, and significantly improve patients' quality of life. Nutritionists play a central role in this process, helping with dietary planning and education.

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